<?php
$stack = array("orange", "banana", "apple", "raspberry");
$fruit = array_shift($stack);
print_r($stack);
?>

The above example will output:

and orange will be assigned to $fruit .

<?php
$input = array("a", "b", "c", "d", "e");

$output = array_slice($input, 2);      // returns "c", "d", and "e"
$output = array_slice($input, -2, 1);  // returns "d"
$output = array_slice($input, 0, 3);   // returns "a", "b", and "c"

// note the differences in the array keys
print_r(array_slice($input, 2, -1));
print_r(array_slice($input, 2, -1, true));
?>

The above example will output:

<?php
$input = array(1 => "a", "b", "c", "d", "e");
print_r(array_slice($input, 1, 2));
?>

The above example will output:

<?php
$ar = array('a'=>'apple', 'b'=>'banana', '42'=>'pear', 'd'=>'orange');
print_r(array_slice($ar, 0, 3));
print_r(array_slice($ar, 0, 3, true));
?>

The above example will output:

<?php
$input = array("red", "green", "blue", "yellow");
array_splice($input, 2);
var_dump($input);

$input = array("red", "green", "blue", "yellow");
array_splice($input, 1, -1);
var_dump($input);

$input = array("red", "green", "blue", "yellow");
array_splice($input, 1, count($input), "orange");
var_dump($input);

$input = array("red", "green", "blue", "yellow");
array_splice($input, -1, 1, array("black", "maroon"));
var_dump($input);
?>

The above example will output:

The following statements are equivalent:

<?php

// append two elements to $input
array_push($input, $x, $y);
array_splice($input, count($input), 0, array($x, $y));

// remove the last element of $input
array_pop($input);
array_splice($input, -1);

// remove the first element of $input
array_shift($input);
array_splice($input, 0, 1);

// insert an element at the start of $input
array_unshift($input, $x, $y);
array_splice($input, 0, 0, array($x, $y));

// replace the value in $input at index $x
$input[$x] = $y; // for arrays where key equals offset
array_splice($input, $x, 1, $y);

?>

<?php
$a = array(2, 4, 6, 8);
echo "sum(a) = " . array_sum($a) . "\n";

$b = array("a" => 1.2, "b" => 2.3, "c" => 3.4);
echo "sum(b) = " . array_sum($b) . "\n";
?>

The above example will output:

<?php
// Arrays to compare
$array1 = array(new stdclass, new stdclass,
                new stdclass, new stdclass,
               );

$array2 = array(
                new stdclass, new stdclass,
               );

// Set some properties for each object
$array1[0]->width = 11; $array1[0]->height = 3;
$array1[1]->width = 7;  $array1[1]->height = 1;
$array1[2]->width = 2;  $array1[2]->height = 9;
$array1[3]->width = 5;  $array1[3]->height = 7;

$array2[0]->width = 7;  $array2[0]->height = 5;
$array2[1]->width = 9;  $array2[1]->height = 2;

function compare_by_area($a, $b) {
    $areaA = $a->width * $a->height;
    $areaB = $b->width * $b->height;
    
    if ($areaA < $areaB) {
        return -1;
    } elseif ($areaA > $areaB) {
        return 1;
    } else {
        return 0;
    }
}

print_r(array_udiff($array1, $array2, 'compare_by_area'));
?>

The above example will output:

<?php
class MyCalendar {
    public $free = array();
    public $booked = array();

    public function __construct($week = 'now') {
        $start = new DateTime($week);
        $start->modify('Monday this week midnight');
        $end = clone $start;
        $end->modify('Friday this week midnight');
        $interval = new DateInterval('P1D');
        foreach (new DatePeriod($start, $interval, $end) as $freeTime) {
            $this->free[] = $freeTime;
        }
    }

    public function bookAppointment(DateTime $date, $note) {
        $this->booked[] = array('date' => $date->modify('midnight'), 'note' => $note);
    }

    public function checkAvailability() {
        return array_udiff($this->free, $this->booked, array($this, 'customCompare'));
    }
    
    public function customCompare($free, $booked) {
        if (is_array($free)) $a = $free['date'];
        else $a = $free;
        if (is_array($booked)) $b = $booked['date'];
        else $b = $booked;
        if ($a == $b) {
            return 0;
        } elseif ($a > $b) {
            return 1;
        } else {
            return -1;
        }
    }
}

// Create a calendar for weekly appointments
$myCalendar = new MyCalendar;

// Book some appointments for this week
$myCalendar->bookAppointment(new DateTime('Monday this week'), "Cleaning GoogleGuy's apartment.");
$myCalendar->bookAppointment(new DateTime('Wednesday this week'), "Going on a snowboarding trip.");
$myCalendar->bookAppointment(new DateTime('Friday this week'), "Fixing buggy code.");

// Check availability of days by comparing $booked dates against $free dates
echo "I'm available on the following days this week...\n\n";
foreach ($myCalendar->checkAvailability() as $free) {
    echo $free->format('l'), "\n"; 
}
echo "\n\n";
echo "I'm busy on the following days this week...\n\n";
foreach ($myCalendar->booked as $booked) {
    echo $booked['date']->format('l'), ": ", $booked['note'], "\n"; 
}
?>

The above example will output: