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DevOps-Jenkins

Linux

Linux

Table of Contents
  • Prerequisites
  • Debian/Ubuntu
    • Long Term Support release
    • Weekly release
    • Installation of Java
  • Fedora
    • Long Term Support release
    • Weekly release
    • Start Jenkins
  • Red Hat / CentOS
    • Long Term Support release
    • Weekly release
    • Start Jenkins
  • Post-installation setup wizard
    • Unlocking Jenkins
    • Customizing Jenkins with plugins
    • Creating the first administrator user

Jenkins installers are available for several Linux distributions.

  • Debian/Ubuntu

  • Fedora

  • Red Hat / CentOS

Prerequisites

Minimum hardware requirements:

  • 256 MB of RAM

  • 1 GB of drive space (although 10 GB is a recommended minimum if running Jenkins as a Docker container)

Recommended hardware configuration for a small team:

  • 4 GB+ of RAM

  • 50 GB+ of drive space

Comprehensive hardware recommendations:

  • Hardware: see the Hardware Recommendations page

Software requirements:

  • Java: see the Java Requirements page

  • Web browser: see the Web Browser Compatibility page

  • For Windows operating system: Windows Support Policy

  • For Linux operating system: Linux Support Policy

  • For servlet containers: Servlet Container Support Policy

Debian/Ubuntu

On Debian and Debian-based distributions like Ubuntu you can install Jenkins through apt .

Long Term Support release

A LTS (Long-Term Support) release is chosen every 12 weeks from the stream of regular releases as the stable release for that time period. It can be installed from the debian-stable apt repository. 

curl -fsSL https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo tee \
  /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc > /dev/null
echo deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc] \
  https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ | sudo tee \
  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jenkins

Weekly release

A new release is produced weekly to deliver bug fixes and features to users and plugin developers. It can be installed from the debian apt repository. 

curl -fsSL https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian/jenkins.io.key | sudo tee \
  /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc > /dev/null
echo deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc] \
  https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian binary/ | sudo tee \
  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jenkins

Beginning with Jenkins 2.335 and Jenkins 2.332.1, the package is configured with systemd rather than the older System V init . See the DigitalOcean community systemd tutorial to better understand the benefits of systemd and the systemctl command.

The package installation will:

  • Setup Jenkins as a daemon launched on start. Run systemctl cat jenkins for more details.

  • Create a ‘jenkins’ user to run this service.

  • Direct console log output to systemd-journald . Run journalctl -u jenkins.service if you are troubleshooting Jenkins.

  • Populate /lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service with configuration parameters for the launch, e.g JENKINS_HOME

  • Set Jenkins to listen on port 8080. Access this port with your browser to start configuration.

If Jenkins fails to start because a port is in use, run systemctl edit jenkins and add the following: 

[Service]
Environment="JENKINS_PORT=8081"

Here, "8081" was chosen but you can put another port available.

Installation of Java

Jenkins requires Java in order to run, yet certain distributions don’t include this by default and some Java versions are incompatible with Jenkins.

There are multiple Java implementations which you can use. OpenJDK is the most popular one at the moment, we will use it in this guide.

Update the Debian apt repositories, install OpenJDK 11, and check the installation with the commands: 

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install openjdk-11-jre
$ java -version
openjdk version "11.0.12" 2021-07-20
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.12+7-post-Debian-2)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.12+7-post-Debian-2, mixed mode, sharing)

Why use apt and not apt-get or another command? The apt command has been available since 2014. It has a command structure that is similar to apt-get but was created to be a more pleasant experience for typical users. Simple software management tasks like install, search and remove are easier with apt .

Fedora

You can install Jenkins through dnf . You need to add the Jenkins repository from the Jenkins website to the package manager first.

Long Term Support release

A LTS (Long-Term Support) release is chosen every 12 weeks from the stream of regular releases as the stable release for that time period. It can be installed from the redhat-stable yum repository. 

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
sudo dnf upgrade
# Add required dependencies for the jenkins package
sudo dnf install java-11-openjdk
sudo dnf install jenkins
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Weekly release

A new release is produced weekly to deliver bug fixes and features to users and plugin developers. It can be installed from the redhat yum repository. 

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.repo
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.io.key
sudo dnf upgrade
# Add required dependencies for the jenkins package
sudo dnf install java-11-openjdk
sudo dnf install jenkins

Start Jenkins

You can enable the Jenkins service to start at boot with the command: 

sudo systemctl enable jenkins

You can start the Jenkins service with the command: 

sudo systemctl start jenkins

You can check the status of the Jenkins service using the command: 

sudo systemctl status jenkins

If everything has been set up correctly, you should see an output like this: 

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-11-13 16:19:01 +03; 4min 57s ago

If you have a firewall installed, you must add Jenkins as an exception. You must change YOURPORT in the script below to the port you want to use. Port 8080 is the most common. 

YOURPORT=8080
PERM="--permanent"
SERV="$PERM --service=jenkins"

firewall-cmd $PERM --new-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-short="Jenkins ports"
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-description="Jenkins port exceptions"
firewall-cmd $SERV --add-port=$YOURPORT/tcp
firewall-cmd $PERM --add-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

Red Hat / CentOS

You can install Jenkins through yum on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS, and other Red Hat based distributions.

How To Install Jenkins on CentOS 7

You need to choose either the Jenkins Long Term Support release or the Jenkins weekly release.

Long Term Support release

A LTS (Long-Term Support) release is chosen every 12 weeks from the stream of regular releases as the stable release for that time period. It can be installed from the redhat-stable yum repository. 

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
sudo yum upgrade
# Add required dependencies for the jenkins package
sudo yum install java-11-openjdk
sudo yum install jenkins
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Weekly release

A new release is produced weekly to deliver bug fixes and features to users and plugin developers. It can be installed from the redhat yum repository. 

sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.repo
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.io.key
sudo yum upgrade
# Add required dependencies for the jenkins package
sudo yum install java-11-openjdk
sudo yum install jenkins

Start Jenkins

You can enable the Jenkins service to start at boot with the command: 

sudo systemctl enable jenkins

You can start the Jenkins service with the command: 

sudo systemctl start jenkins

You can check the status of the Jenkins service using the command: 

sudo systemctl status jenkins

If everything has been set up correctly, you should see an output like this: 

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-11-13 16:19:01 +03; 4min 57s ago
...

If you have a firewall installed, you must add Jenkins as an exception. You must change YOURPORT in the script below to the port you want to use. Port 8080 is the most common. 

YOURPORT=8080
PERM="--permanent"
SERV="$PERM --service=jenkins"

firewall-cmd $PERM --new-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-short="Jenkins ports"
firewall-cmd $SERV --set-description="Jenkins port exceptions"
firewall-cmd $SERV --add-port=$YOURPORT/tcp
firewall-cmd $PERM --add-service=jenkins
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

Post-installation setup wizard

After downloading, installing and running Jenkins using one of the procedures above (except for installation with Jenkins Operator), the post-installation setup wizard begins.

This setup wizard takes you through a few quick "one-off" steps to unlock Jenkins, customize it with plugins and create the first administrator user through which you can continue accessing Jenkins.

Unlocking Jenkins

When you first access a new Jenkins instance, you are asked to unlock it using an automatically-generated password.

  1. Browse to http://localhost:8080 (or whichever port you configured for Jenkins when installing it) and wait until the Unlock Jenkins page appears.

    Unlock Jenkins page

  2. From the Jenkins console log output, copy the automatically-generated alphanumeric password (between the 2 sets of asterisks).

    Copying initial admin password
    Note:

    • The command: sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword will print the password at console.

    • If you are running Jenkins in Docker using the official jenkins/jenkins image you can use sudo docker exec ${CONTAINER_ID or CONTAINER_NAME} cat /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword to print the password in the console without having to exec into the container.

  3. On the Unlock Jenkins page, paste this password into the Administrator password field and click Continue .
    Notes:

    • You can always access the Jenkins console log from the Docker logs (above).

    • The Jenkins console log indicates the location (in the Jenkins home directory) where this password can also be obtained. This password must be entered in the setup wizard on new Jenkins installations before you can access Jenkins’s main UI. This password also serves as the default administrator account’s password (with username "admin") if you happen to skip the subsequent user-creation step in the setup wizard.

Customizing Jenkins with plugins

After unlocking Jenkins, the Customize Jenkins page appears. Here you can install any number of useful plugins as part of your initial setup.

Click one of the two options shown:

  • Install suggested plugins - to install the recommended set of plugins, which are based on most common use cases.

  • Select plugins to install - to choose which set of plugins to initially install. When you first access the plugin selection page, the suggested plugins are selected by default.

If you are not sure what plugins you need, choose Install suggested plugins . You can install (or remove) additional Jenkins plugins at a later point in time via the Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins page in Jenkins.

The setup wizard shows the progression of Jenkins being configured and your chosen set of Jenkins plugins being installed. This process may take a few minutes.

Creating the first administrator user

Finally, after customizing Jenkins with plugins , Jenkins asks you to create your first administrator user.

  1. When the Create First Admin User page appears, specify the details for your administrator user in the respective fields and click Save and Finish .

  2. When the Jenkins is ready page appears, click Start using Jenkins .
    Notes:

    • This page may indicate Jenkins is almost ready! instead and if so, click Restart .

    • If the page does not automatically refresh after a minute, use your web browser to refresh the page manually.

  3. If required, log in to Jenkins with the credentials of the user you just created and you are ready to start using Jenkins!

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macOS

macOS

Table of Contents
  • Post-installation setup wizard
    • Unlocking Jenkins
    • Customizing Jenkins with plugins
    • Creating the first administrator user

The macOS installer for Jenkins is maintained outside the Jenkins project. Refer to documentation based on the version of Jenkins to be run.

  • Installing Jenkins LTS on macOS

  • Installing Jenkins Weekly on macOS

Post-installation setup wizard

After downloading, installing and running Jenkins using one of the procedures above (except for installation with Jenkins Operator), the post-installation setup wizard begins.

This setup wizard takes you through a few quick "one-off" steps to unlock Jenkins, customize it with plugins and create the first administrator user through which you can continue accessing Jenkins.

Unlocking Jenkins

When you first access a new Jenkins instance, you are asked to unlock it using an automatically-generated password.

  1. Browse to http://localhost:8080 (or whichever port you configured for Jenkins when installing it) and wait until the Unlock Jenkins page appears.

    Unlock Jenkins page

  2. From the Jenkins console log output, copy the automatically-generated alphanumeric password (between the 2 sets of asterisks).

    Copying initial admin password
    Note:

    • The command: sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword will print the password at console.

    • If you are running Jenkins in Docker using the official jenkins/jenkins image you can use sudo docker exec ${CONTAINER_ID or CONTAINER_NAME} cat /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword to print the password in the console without having to exec into the container.

  3. On the Unlock Jenkins page, paste this password into the Administrator password field and click Continue .
    Notes:

    • You can always access the Jenkins console log from the Docker logs (above).

    • The Jenkins console log indicates the location (in the Jenkins home directory) where this password can also be obtained. This password must be entered in the setup wizard on new Jenkins installations before you can access Jenkins’s main UI. This password also serves as the default administrator account’s password (with username "admin") if you happen to skip the subsequent user-creation step in the setup wizard.

Customizing Jenkins with plugins

After unlocking Jenkins, the Customize Jenkins page appears. Here you can install any number of useful plugins as part of your initial setup.

Click one of the two options shown:

  • Install suggested plugins - to install the recommended set of plugins, which are based on most common use cases.

  • Select plugins to install - to choose which set of plugins to initially install. When you first access the plugin selection page, the suggested plugins are selected by default.

If you are not sure what plugins you need, choose Install suggested plugins . You can install (or remove) additional Jenkins plugins at a later point in time via the Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins page in Jenkins.

The setup wizard shows the progression of Jenkins being configured and your chosen set of Jenkins plugins being installed. This process may take a few minutes.

Creating the first administrator user

Finally, after customizing Jenkins with plugins , Jenkins asks you to create your first administrator user.

  1. When the Create First Admin User page appears, specify the details for your administrator user in the respective fields and click Save and Finish .

  2. When the Jenkins is ready page appears, click Start using Jenkins .
    Notes:

    • This page may indicate Jenkins is almost ready! instead and if so, click Restart .

    • If the page does not automatically refresh after a minute, use your web browser to refresh the page manually.

  3. If required, log in to Jenkins with the credentials of the user you just created and you are ready to start using Jenkins!

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Offline Installations

Offline Installations

Table of Contents
  • Prerequisites
    • Offline plugin installation
  • Post-installation setup wizard
    • Unlocking Jenkins
    • Customizing Jenkins with plugins
    • Creating the first administrator user

This section describes how to install Jenkins on a machine that does not have an internet connection.

To install Jenkins itself, download the appropriate war file and transfer it to your machine.

Prerequisites

Minimum hardware requirements:

  • 256 MB of RAM

  • 1 GB of drive space (although 10 GB is a recommended minimum if running Jenkins as a Docker container)

Recommended hardware configuration for a small team:

  • 4 GB+ of RAM

  • 50 GB+ of drive space

Comprehensive hardware recommendations:

  • Hardware: see the Hardware Recommendations page

Software requirements:

  • Java: see the Java Requirements page

  • Web browser: see the Web Browser Compatibility page

  • For Windows operating system: Windows Support Policy

  • For Linux operating system: Linux Support Policy

  • For servlet containers: Servlet Container Support Policy

Offline plugin installation

Offline plugin installations require additional effort due to dependency requirements.

The Plugin Installation Manager Tool is the recommended tool for offline plugin installation. It downloads user specified plugins and all dependencies of the user specified plugins. The Plugin Installation Manager Tool also reports available plugin updates and plugin security warnings. It is included in the official Jenkins Docker images. It is also used to install plugins as part of the Docker install instructions. Refer to the Gitter chat channel for questions and answers

If you want to transfer the individual plugins, you’ll need to retrieve all dependencies as well. There are several dependency retrieval scripts and tools on Github. For example:

  • Plugin installation manager tool - Java command line utility to install Jenkins plugins and their dependencies.

  • samrocketman/jenkins-bootstrap-shared - Java is required; packages Jenkins and plugins into an immutable package installer. Supported formats include: RPM, DEB, Docker. Can proxy Jenkins and plugins through Nexus or Artifactory since Gradle is used to assemble plugins.

Post-installation setup wizard

After downloading, installing and running Jenkins using one of the procedures above (except for installation with Jenkins Operator), the post-installation setup wizard begins.

This setup wizard takes you through a few quick "one-off" steps to unlock Jenkins, customize it with plugins and create the first administrator user through which you can continue accessing Jenkins.

Unlocking Jenkins

When you first access a new Jenkins instance, you are asked to unlock it using an automatically-generated password.

  1. Browse to http://localhost:8080 (or whichever port you configured for Jenkins when installing it) and wait until the Unlock Jenkins page appears.

    Unlock Jenkins page

  2. From the Jenkins console log output, copy the automatically-generated alphanumeric password (between the 2 sets of asterisks).

    Copying initial admin password
    Note:

    • The command: sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword will print the password at console.

    • If you are running Jenkins in Docker using the official jenkins/jenkins image you can use sudo docker exec ${CONTAINER_ID or CONTAINER_NAME} cat /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword to print the password in the console without having to exec into the container.

  3. On the Unlock Jenkins page, paste this password into the Administrator password field and click Continue .
    Notes:

    • You can always access the Jenkins console log from the Docker logs (above).

    • The Jenkins console log indicates the location (in the Jenkins home directory) where this password can also be obtained. This password must be entered in the setup wizard on new Jenkins installations before you can access Jenkins’s main UI. This password also serves as the default administrator account’s password (with username "admin") if you happen to skip the subsequent user-creation step in the setup wizard.

Customizing Jenkins with plugins

After unlocking Jenkins, the Customize Jenkins page appears. Here you can install any number of useful plugins as part of your initial setup.

Click one of the two options shown:

  • Install suggested plugins - to install the recommended set of plugins, which are based on most common use cases.

  • Select plugins to install - to choose which set of plugins to initially install. When you first access the plugin selection page, the suggested plugins are selected by default.

If you are not sure what plugins you need, choose Install suggested plugins . You can install (or remove) additional Jenkins plugins at a later point in time via the Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins page in Jenkins.

The setup wizard shows the progression of Jenkins being configured and your chosen set of Jenkins plugins being installed. This process may take a few minutes.

Creating the first administrator user

Finally, after customizing Jenkins with plugins , Jenkins asks you to create your first administrator user.

  1. When the Create First Admin User page appears, specify the details for your administrator user in the respective fields and click Save and Finish .

  2. When the Jenkins is ready page appears, click Start using Jenkins .
    Notes:

    • This page may indicate Jenkins is almost ready! instead and if so, click Restart .

    • If the page does not automatically refresh after a minute, use your web browser to refresh the page manually.

  3. If required, log in to Jenkins with the credentials of the user you just created and you are ready to start using Jenkins!

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Other Systems

Other Systems

Table of Contents
  • FreeBSD
    • Long Term Support release
    • Weekly release
    • Start Jenkins
    • Enable Jenkins
  • OpenIndiana Hipster
  • Solaris, OmniOS, SmartOS, and other siblings
  • Post-installation setup wizard
    • Unlocking Jenkins
    • Customizing Jenkins with plugins
    • Creating the first administrator user

FreeBSD

Jenkins can be installed on FreeBSD using the standard FreeBSD package manager, pkg .

Long Term Support release

A LTS (Long-Term Support) release is chosen every 12 weeks from the stream of regular releases as the stable release for that time period. It can be installed from the FreeBSD pkg package manager. 

# pkg install jenkins-lts

Disclaimer: The FreeBSD project maintains the Jenkins packaging for FreeBSD. The Jenkins package for FreeBSD is NOT officially supported by the Jenkins project, but it is actively used by the FreeBSD project at ci.freebsd.org/ .

Weekly release

A new release is produced weekly to deliver bug fixes and features to users and plugin developers. It can be installed from the FreeBSD pkg package manager. 

# pkg install jenkins

The long term support package jenkins-lts and the weekly package installation jenkins will:

  • Configure Jenkins as a daemon which may optionally be launched on start. See /etc/rc.conf for more details

  • Create a ‘jenkins’ user to run the service

  • Direct console log output to the file /var/log/jenkins.log . Check this file when troubleshooting Jenkins

  • Set Jenkins to listen on port 8180 from the path /jenkins . Open http://localhost:8180/jenkins to login to Jenkins

Start Jenkins

You can start the Jenkins service with the command: 

# service jenkins onestart

You can check the status of the Jenkins service using the command: 

# service jenkins status

You can stop the Jenkins service with the command: 

# service jenkins stop

Enable Jenkins

Add the following to /etc/rc.conf to start Jenkins automatically on system boot: 

jenkins_enable="YES"

Once Jenkins is enabled, it can be started with: 

# service jenkins start

Other configuration values that can be set in /etc/rc.conf or in /etc/rc.conf.d/jenkins are described in /usr/local/etc/rc.d/jenkins . Refer to the Jenkins page on the FreeBSD wiki for more information specific to Jenkins on FreeBSD.

OpenIndiana Hipster

On a system running OpenIndiana Hipster Jenkins can be installed in either the local or global zone using the Image Packaging System (IPS).

Disclaimer: This platform is NOT officially supported by the Jenkins team, use it at your own risk. Packaging and integration described in this section is maintained by the OpenIndiana Hipster team, bundling the generic jenkins.war to work in that operating environment.

For the common case of running the newest packaged weekly build as a standalone (Jetty) server, simply execute: 

pkg install jenkins
svcadm enable jenkins

The common packaging integration for a standalone service will:

  • Create a jenkins user to run the service and to own the directory structures under /var/lib/jenkins .

  • Pull the Java package and other packages required to execute Jenkins, including the jenkins-core-weekly package with the latest jenkins.war .

  • Set up Jenkins as an SMF service instance ( svc:/network/http:jenkins ) which can then be enabled with the svcadm command demonstrated above.

  • Set up Jenkins to listen on port 8080.

  • Configure the log output to be managed by SMF at /var/svc/log/network-http:jenkins.log .

Once Jenkins is running, consult the log ( /var/svc/log/network-http:jenkins.log ) to retrieve the generated administrator password for the initial set up of Jenkins, usually it will be found at /var/lib/jenkins/home/secrets/initialAdminPassword . Then navigate to localhost:8080 to complete configuration of the Jenkins instance .

To change attributes of the service, such as environment variables like JENKINS_HOME or the port number used for the Jetty web server, use the svccfg utility: 

svccfg -s svc:/network/http:jenkins editprop
svcadm refresh svc:/network/http:jenkins

You can also refer to /lib/svc/manifest/network/jenkins-standalone.xml for more details and comments about currently supported tunables of the SMF service. Note that the jenkins user account created by the packaging is specially privileged to allow binding to port numbers under 1024.

The current status of Jenkins-related packages available for the given release of OpenIndiana can be queried with: 

pkg info -r '*jenkins*'

Upgrades to the package can be performed by updating the entire operating environment with pkg update , or specifically for Jenkins core software with: 

pkg update jenkins-core-weekly

Procedure for updating the package will restart the currently running Jenkins process. Make sure to prepare it for shutdown and finish all running jobs before updating, if needed.

Solaris, OmniOS, SmartOS, and other siblings

Generally it should suffice to install a supported Java version, download the jenkins.war , and run it as a standalone process.

Some caveats apply:

  • Headless JVM and fonts: For OpenJDK builds on minimalized-footprint systems, there may be issues running the headless JVM , because Jenkins needs some fonts to render certain pages.

Post-installation setup wizard

After downloading, installing and running Jenkins using one of the procedures above (except for installation with Jenkins Operator), the post-installation setup wizard begins.

This setup wizard takes you through a few quick "one-off" steps to unlock Jenkins, customize it with plugins and create the first administrator user through which you can continue accessing Jenkins.

Unlocking Jenkins

When you first access a new Jenkins instance, you are asked to unlock it using an automatically-generated password.

  1. Browse to http://localhost:8080 (or whichever port you configured for Jenkins when installing it) and wait until the Unlock Jenkins page appears.

    Unlock Jenkins page

  2. From the Jenkins console log output, copy the automatically-generated alphanumeric password (between the 2 sets of asterisks).

    Copying initial admin password
    Note:

    • The command: sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword will print the password at console.

    • If you are running Jenkins in Docker using the official jenkins/jenkins image you can use sudo docker exec ${CONTAINER_ID or CONTAINER_NAME} cat /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword to print the password in the console without having to exec into the container.

  3. On the Unlock Jenkins page, paste this password into the Administrator password field and click Continue .
    Notes:

    • You can always access the Jenkins console log from the Docker logs (above).

    • The Jenkins console log indicates the location (in the Jenkins home directory) where this password can also be obtained. This password must be entered in the setup wizard on new Jenkins installations before you can access Jenkins’s main UI. This password also serves as the default administrator account’s password (with username "admin") if you happen to skip the subsequent user-creation step in the setup wizard.

Customizing Jenkins with plugins

After unlocking Jenkins, the Customize Jenkins page appears. Here you can install any number of useful plugins as part of your initial setup.

Click one of the two options shown:

  • Install suggested plugins - to install the recommended set of plugins, which are based on most common use cases.

  • Select plugins to install - to choose which set of plugins to initially install. When you first access the plugin selection page, the suggested plugins are selected by default.

If you are not sure what plugins you need, choose Install suggested plugins . You can install (or remove) additional Jenkins plugins at a later point in time via the Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins page in Jenkins.

The setup wizard shows the progression of Jenkins being configured and your chosen set of Jenkins plugins being installed. This process may take a few minutes.

Creating the first administrator user

Finally, after customizing Jenkins with plugins , Jenkins asks you to create your first administrator user.

  1. When the Create First Admin User page appears, specify the details for your administrator user in the respective fields and click Save and Finish .

  2. When the Jenkins is ready page appears, click Start using Jenkins .
    Notes:

    • This page may indicate Jenkins is almost ready! instead and if so, click Restart .

    • If the page does not automatically refresh after a minute, use your web browser to refresh the page manually.

  3. If required, log in to Jenkins with the credentials of the user you just created and you are ready to start using Jenkins!

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Other Servlet Containers

Other Servlet Containers

Table of Contents
  • Tomcat 9
  • WildFly 26

Jenkins is typically run as a standalone application in its own process. The Jenkins WAR file bundles Winstone, a Jetty servlet container wrapper, and can be started on any operating system or platform with a version of Java supported by Jenkins. This is the preferred way to deploy Jenkins and is fully supported.

Theoretically, Jenkins can also be run as a servlet in a traditional servlet container like Apache Tomcat or WildFly, but in practice this is largely untested and there are many caveats. In particular, support for WebSocket agents is only implemented for the Jetty servlet container. See the Servlet Container Support Policy page for details.

Support for traditional servlet containers may be discontinued in the future.

Jenkins requires Servlet API 4.0 (Jakarta EE 8) with javax.servlet imports. Jenkins is incompatible with Servlet API 5.0 (Jakarta EE 9) or later with jakarta.servlet imports. Ensure that the Servlet API version of your chosen servlet container is compatible before running Jenkins.

Tomcat 9

Tomcat 9 is based on Servlet API 4.0 (Jakarta EE 8), which is the version of the servlet API required by Jenkins.

Later versions of Tomcat use newer versions of the Servlet API and are incompatible with Jenkins.

Jenkins can be deployed to Tomcat by placing the Jenkins WAR file in the ${CATALINA_HOME}/webapps/ directory.

To configure the Jenkins home directory, set the JENKINS_HOME Java system property via the CATALINA_OPTS environment variable. For example, create ${CATALINA_HOME}/bin/setenv.sh with the following contents: 

export CATALINA_OPTS=-DJENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins
Running multiple Jenkins controllers within a single Java process is unsupported.

Scheme selection in redirect URLs is delegated to the servlet container, and Jetty handles the X-Forwarded-For , X-Forwarded-By , and X-Forwarded-Proto headers by default. With Tomcat, one needs to add a Remote IP Valve to expose these headers to Jenkins via the Servlet API. Add the following to ${CATALINA_HOME}/conf/server.xml within the <Host> section: 

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteIpValve"
       remoteIpHeader="X-Forwarded-For"
       proxiesHeader="X-Forwarded-By"
       protocolHeader="X-Forwarded-Proto" />

WildFly 26

WildFly 26 is based on Servlet API 4.0 (Jakarta EE 8), which is the version of the servlet API required by Jenkins.

Later versions of WildFly use newer versions of the Servlet API and are incompatible with Jenkins.

Jenkins can be deployed to WildFly by placing the Jenkins WAR file in the ${JBOSS_HOME}/standalone/deployments/ directory.

To configure the Jenkins home directory, set the JENKINS_HOME Java system property via the JAVA_OPTS environment variable. For example, update ${JBOSS_HOME}/bin/standalone.conf with the following contents: 

JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -DJENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins"
Running multiple Jenkins controllers within a single Java process is unsupported.

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WAR file

WAR file

Table of Contents
  • Prerequisites
  • Run the WAR file
  • Post-installation setup wizard
    • Unlocking Jenkins
    • Customizing Jenkins with plugins
    • Creating the first administrator user

The Jenkins Web application ARchive (WAR) file bundles Winstone, a Jetty servlet container wrapper, and can be started on any operating system or platform with a version of Java supported by Jenkins. See the Java Requirements page for details.

Prerequisites

Minimum hardware requirements:

  • 256 MB of RAM

  • 1 GB of drive space (although 10 GB is a recommended minimum if running Jenkins as a Docker container)

Recommended hardware configuration for a small team:

  • 4 GB+ of RAM

  • 50 GB+ of drive space

Comprehensive hardware recommendations:

  • Hardware: see the Hardware Recommendations page

Software requirements:

  • Java: see the Java Requirements page

  • Web browser: see the Web Browser Compatibility page

  • For Windows operating system: Windows Support Policy

  • For Linux operating system: Linux Support Policy

  • For servlet containers: Servlet Container Support Policy

Run the WAR file

The Jenkins Web application ARchive (WAR) file can be started from the command line like this:

  1. Download the latest Jenkins WAR file to an appropriate directory on your machine

  2. Open up a terminal/command prompt window to the download directory

  3. Run the command java -jar jenkins.war

  4. Browse to http://localhost:8080 and wait until the Unlock Jenkins page appears

  5. Continue on with the Post-installation setup wizard below

Notes:

  • This process does not automatically install any specific plugins. They need to installed separately via the Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins page in Jenkins.

  • You can change the port by specifying the --httpPort option when you run the java -jar jenkins.war command. For example, to make Jenkins accessible through port 9090, then run Jenkins using the command:
    java -jar jenkins.war --httpPort=9090

  • You can change the directory where Jenkins stores its configuration with the JENKINS_HOME environment variable. For example, to place the Jenkins configuration files in a subdirectory named my-jenkins-config , define JENKINS_HOME=my-jenkins-config before running the java -jar jenkins.war command. Use the Windows commands:

    Windows 
    C:\Temp > set JENKINS_HOME=my-jenkins-config
C:\Temp > java -jar jenkins.war

    or the Unix command:

    Unix 
    $ JENKINS_HOME=my-jenkins-config java -jar jenkins.war

For more details of command line arguments that can adjust Jenkins startup, use the command:
java -jar jenkins.war --help

Post-installation setup wizard

After downloading, installing and running Jenkins using one of the procedures above (except for installation with Jenkins Operator), the post-installation setup wizard begins.

This setup wizard takes you through a few quick "one-off" steps to unlock Jenkins, customize it with plugins and create the first administrator user through which you can continue accessing Jenkins.

Unlocking Jenkins

When you first access a new Jenkins instance, you are asked to unlock it using an automatically-generated password.

  1. Browse to http://localhost:8080 (or whichever port you configured for Jenkins when installing it) and wait until the Unlock Jenkins page appears.

    Unlock Jenkins page

  2. From the Jenkins console log output, copy the automatically-generated alphanumeric password (between the 2 sets of asterisks).

    Copying initial admin password
    Note:

    • The command: sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword will print the password at console.

    • If you are running Jenkins in Docker using the official jenkins/jenkins image you can use sudo docker exec ${CONTAINER_ID or CONTAINER_NAME} cat /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword to print the password in the console without having to exec into the container.

  3. On the Unlock Jenkins page, paste this password into the Administrator password field and click Continue .
    Notes:

    • You can always access the Jenkins console log from the Docker logs (above).

    • The Jenkins console log indicates the location (in the Jenkins home directory) where this password can also be obtained. This password must be entered in the setup wizard on new Jenkins installations before you can access Jenkins’s main UI. This password also serves as the default administrator account’s password (with username "admin") if you happen to skip the subsequent user-creation step in the setup wizard.

Customizing Jenkins with plugins

After unlocking Jenkins, the Customize Jenkins page appears. Here you can install any number of useful plugins as part of your initial setup.

Click one of the two options shown:

  • Install suggested plugins - to install the recommended set of plugins, which are based on most common use cases.

  • Select plugins to install - to choose which set of plugins to initially install. When you first access the plugin selection page, the suggested plugins are selected by default.

If you are not sure what plugins you need, choose Install suggested plugins . You can install (or remove) additional Jenkins plugins at a later point in time via the Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins page in Jenkins.

The setup wizard shows the progression of Jenkins being configured and your chosen set of Jenkins plugins being installed. This process may take a few minutes.

Creating the first administrator user

Finally, after customizing Jenkins with plugins , Jenkins asks you to create your first administrator user.

  1. When the Create First Admin User page appears, specify the details for your administrator user in the respective fields and click Save and Finish .

  2. When the Jenkins is ready page appears, click Start using Jenkins .
    Notes:

    • This page may indicate Jenkins is almost ready! instead and if so, click Restart .

    • If the page does not automatically refresh after a minute, use your web browser to refresh the page manually.

  3. If required, log in to Jenkins with the credentials of the user you just created and you are ready to start using Jenkins!

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